Available Filters in The Market 

•Purpose: Improve taste and remove chlorine, odors,

•and some organic chemicals

•Pros: Low cost, simple, fast flow, minimal maintenance

•Cons: No reliable microbial removal

•Purpose: Remove rust, sand, and debris to protect internal components

•Pros: Cheap and extends lifespan of carbon filters

•Cons: No pathogen removal

•Purpose: Combine particle removal with taste improvement

•Pros: Marketed as “cleaner water” systems

•Cons: Not antimicrobial

Used in: Limited pilot systems, healthcare settings, high-risk facilities

Strength: Strong microbial and viral inactivation

Limitation: Cost, space, power, and exposure-time constraints

Used in: Labs, hospitals, specialty installations

Strength: Very high contaminant removal efficiency

Limitation: Low flow rate, high cost, complex maintenance

•Activated carbon filters dominate (~42%), showing the market prioritizes taste

•Sediment + Carbon systems (~26%) are growing, mainly in bottle fillers

​